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Which Automation Technology Is Better for Your Operations: RPA or IDP?
Processing transactional documents is an integral part of business operations. These operational tasks must be completed efficiently so that employees have enough time for value-adding tasks. There are many different automation solutions on the market which rely on cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Robotic Process Automation (RPA) or Intelligent Document Processing (IDP). This blog article will focus on two prominent technologies utilised to achieve process optimisation and efficiency in the processing of transactional documents: Robotic Process Automation and Intelligent Document Processing. Intelligent automation solutions relying on RPA or IDP technology are often used for the same goals, but their fields of application, strengths and weaknesses differ significantly. The question is: Which automation technology is better suited for the needs of your business operations: RPA or IDP?
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Managing Transactional Documents
Transactional documents are essential pieces of information recording a business transaction between two parties. In procurement, for example, these transactions are mostly made between buyers and suppliers; in sales departments, they take place between a sales rep and a customer or another business partner. Managing transactional documents, such as invoices, shipping documents, purchase order confirmations, and customer orders, involves repetitive and time-consuming manual tasks. Intelligent automation solutions can help streamline the processing of these documents by automatically extracting and processing data, reducing processing times and errors. By automating these tasks, teams can free up valuable time to focus on more strategic activities.
Which Automation Technology Is the Better Choice for Your Operations: RPA or IDP?
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a technology that uses software robots, also called bots, to automate repetitive, rule-based tasks in business processes. RPA mimics human actions and interactions with computer systems to execute tasks such as data entry, data processing, and communication with other systems without human intervention.
Intelligent Document Processing (IDP) refers to the automation of data extraction from complex semi-structured or unstructured documents and converting it into structured usable data. IDP automation solutions automate all steps of document processing from document pre-processing, document classification, data extraction, data validation, and export to downstream systems.
Advantages of Robotic Process Automation
1. Powerful solution for automating rule-based tasks
RPA is suitable for automating repetitive, rule-based tasks such as data entry and invoice processing. For instance, RPA bots can open and flag emails with attached documents, key in documents into systems and extract data from transactional documents.
2. Cost reduction
In the long run, RPA can significantly reduce operational costs by automating repetitive and manual tasks, thereby reducing the need for manual work.
3. Faster processing times
RPA solutions can execute tasks around the clock, leading to faster processing times and improved turnaround times for various processes.
Disadvantages of Robotic Process Automation
1. Limited scope of use
RPA software can only be used where processes are already digitised. The software robots cannot work with ambiguous documents either. Consequently, they can currently only be used for structured processes and documents as well as routine activities.
2. Lack of flexibility
Software robots are very inflexible. The platforms on which RPA interacts change frequently, and the required flexibility often cannot be configured. Software robots cannot react flexibly to deviations or variants, for example, when data is not structured, or decisions within the process are complex and non-linear. Changing regulations or updates that require minimal changes to an input screen can set back an RPA project by months.
3. Difficult scalability
The more applications a software robot serves, the more challenging scalability becomes.
4. Monitoring for possible errors is necessary
Employees must check that the RPA software robot does not make any mistakes. For example, if OCR (Optical Character Recognition) is used to read PDF files, the reading process can be faulty. Since RPA technology cannot recognise errors or check data readouts for plausibility, these errors could then be transferred unnoticed to a database.
5. RPA requires clean data
RPA software requires a particular data quality. The effort required for its preparation and cleansing is often underestimated. However, good data quality is a mandatory prerequisite for the successful digitisation of business processes and the automation of workflows.
6. High costs
According to Deloitte, robotic process automation costs for a single software bot may range from 5,000 to 15,000 dollars. Most of the time, costs of RPA tools comprise and depend on: RPA vendor pricing, the number and complexity of bots that constitute the RPA deployment, the initial process analysis, RPA consulting, and engineering costs, the cost of third-party robotic process automation integrations, and finally maintenance, support, and RPA scaling costs.
Advantages of Intelligent Document Processing
1. Orchestration of workflows
IDP offers more than just automating isolated tasks. IDP solutions transform the handling of transactional documents, such as advanced shipping notices, purchase order confirmations, quotes or invoices, from a manual and error-prone process into a seamless and automated workflow. Orchestrating the flow of multiple tasks, IDP solutions cover the extraction, processing and exporting of document data in downstream systems.
2. Use of Artificial intelligence
IDP software solutions employ a range of sophisticated technologies, including AI, OCR and machine learning, to accurately extract data from all kinds of documents thus guaranteeing high data quality.
3. High flexibility
IDP automation technology is very flexible. IDP solutions can extract data with a very high accuracy regardless of the format and complexity. Intelligent Document Processing can automate complex processes lacking simple rules. It can be used in many ways, reacts flexibly to variants, exceptions and deviations; updates and adjustments to the application systems are no problem.
4. Short implementation time and easy scalability
IDP cloud solutions combine the benefits of IDP with the benefits of cloud computing. IDP solutions which are not implemented as on-premise solutions but which operate in the cloud can unlock their full potential. Cloud-based IDP solutions offer a short implementation time of just a few weeks and easy scalability.
5. IDP can understand and relate content
The flexibility of Intelligent Document Processing systems directly stems from their ability to analyse and relate content and to understand the business context. Unlike RPA technology, IDP solutions are not inflexible and rigid systems but are adaptable. Accounting for different document types, formats and supplier-specific rules, IDP solutions can offer customisable workflows tailored to business’ needs. Processing transactional documents, this applies to the extraction of data, the comparison of data across various data sets, the validation of information, and the further processing or transfer of the correct information to downstream company systems.
6. Powerful exception management
In document processing, exceptions are an expected part of the process. IDP solutions are well-equipped for reliably and efficiently spotting and handling exceptions and edge cases in document processing. This functionality ensures business continuity and transparent processes, boosts operational resilience, and reduces the need of manual intervention or IT support.
7. IPD solutions improve over time
In contrast to RPA, IDP can process unstructured data in free texts as well as complex documents such as order confirmations and customer orders. Deviating terms in supplier documents, ambiguous units of measurement, or various languages are no longer a problem because – unlike RPA – IDP learns continuously. When IDP solutions employ human-in-the-loop automation for managing exceptions, errors and edge cases, the system allows users to intervene and handle exceptions when necessary. By interacting with the system through human input, the software learns and improves proportionally with the volume of data fed into it.
Disadvantages of Intelligent Document Processing
Even though there are no real disadvantages or limitations of Intelligent Document Processing solutions, the costs of IDP solutions need to be considered as they can range in price from a few hundred dollars to a few thousand dollars.
In case organisations only want to automate isolated and repetitive tasks, RPA is better suited. In general, businesses need to individually evaluate which automation solution fits their budget, meets their needs and is best suited for fulfilling their automation goals.
Conclusion: Which Technology is Better: RPA or IDP?
If businesses seek to perform rule-based, simple and repetitive tasks in document processing automatically, they can easily rely on RPA technology. However, its scope of application is highly limited: bots are only good for executing a task that will always be the same, such as pulling a PDF from an email. An IDP solution, on the other hand, provides an end-to-end solution that gives enterprises control and flexibility over the entire process including the extraction of document data, the processing and interpretation of data as well as the export and archiving of information. Thus, in comparison to the flexibility, scalability and accuracy of IDP solutions, the limitations of RPA tools outweigh the benefits and often fall short of what is now possible in automated document processing.
Explore the differences between RPA and IDP technology based on a real-life use case in our next blog article Automated Invoice Processing: Comparing RPA and IDP Solutions.
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